What Is Cybercrime? Common Types of Digital Fraud Affecting Indians Today

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  By Gujju Ticks

  17 May, 2025

The ease of online services in the hyperconnected digital age of today is accompanied by an increasing risk: cybercrime. Phishing emails, phony job offers, and online banking scams are just a few of the increasingly complex ways that cybercriminals target Indian users. Every Indian citizen must comprehend the nature of digital fraud as the country works toward a cashless economy and a “Digital India.”

This blog will discuss the definition of cybercrime, the reasons behind its rise in India, and the most prevalent kinds of online frauds that Indians are currently dealing with. More significantly, we'll offer advice on how to protect yourself.

What is Cybercrime?

The term "cybercrime" describes illegal activity done through computers, the internet, or other electronic devices. It can include ransomware attacks, cyberbullying, identity theft, and financial theft. The main piece of legislation in India that addresses cybercrime and related offenses is the Information Technology Act, 2000.

There are two major categories:

1. Cyber-dependent crimes: Crimes that require a computer or network, such as hacking.

2. Cyber-enabled crimes: Traditional crimes made easier through digital means, like fraud and extortion.

Why Is Cybercrime Rising in India?

India has witnessed a significant rise in cybercrimes due to:

• Rapid digitization of financial services

• Increase in smartphone and internet usage

• Lack of awareness among users

• Weak cybersecurity practices

Government data indicates that in 2023, the number of cybercrime cases in India rose by more than 11%, with financial fraud accounting for over 60% of the cases. The states that report the most incidents are Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Gujarat, and Karnataka.

1. Online Banking Scams

Target keyword: online banking scam India

Online banking fraud is among the most dangerous forms of cybercrime in India. Here, hackers trick users into disclosing their bank login information or OTP (One-Time Password) by using phony websites, emails, or SMS. They transfer money in a matter of minutes after gaining access.

Real example: A senior citizen in Gujarat lost Rs. 5.6 lakh after clicking on a link that said it updated their KYC information.

How to protect yourself:

• Never click on unknown links or reply to suspicious emails.

• Use multi-factor authentication on your bank accounts.

• Regularly monitor your bank statements for unauthorized transactions.

2. Phishing and Vishing Scams

Target keywords: phishing fraud India, vishing call India

Phishing is the practice of using phony emails or websites that imitate legitimate businesses, such as SBI, Paytm, or IRCTC, in order to steal confidential data. Conversely, vishing is voice-based phishing via phone scams.

Common signs of phishing:

• You’re asked to “verify your account.”

• Poor spelling or grammar in the message.

• Unusual sender email or URL.

Preventive tips:

• Double-check URLs and sender email IDs.

• Never share OTPs, CVV, or passwords on phone calls.

• Report phishing emails to the company’s official cyber cell.

3. Job and Loan Frauds

Target keywords: fake job offer India, instant loan scam

Many Indians become victims of instant loan or fake job scams as a result of increased unemployment and financial strain. Scammers demand a registration fee or make extravagant salary promises, then vanish once they have received the money.

Warning signs:

• You’re offered a job without an interview.

• They ask for money upfront for “processing fees.”

• Communication only through WhatsApp or Gmail (not corporate email).

Tip: Always check job offers on LinkedIn or the company's official website.

4. Social Media and WhatsApp Frauds

Target keywords: WhatsApp scam India, Facebook hacking India

Social media sites like Facebook, Instagram, and WhatsApp are being used by cybercriminals to perpetrate fraud. Scams are disseminated through hacked accounts, fake profiles, and deceptive messaging.

Typical frauds include:

• “Send me Rs. 5,000, I’ll return Rs. 10,000.”

• Links to fake contests or giveaways.

• Investment scams via Telegram or WhatsApp groups.

Safety tips:

• Enable two-factor authentication on social apps.

• Don’t click on unknown links or download random files.

• Avoid sharing personal photos or details publicly.

5. Identity Theft

Target keywords: identity theft India, Aadhaar card fraud

Identity theft is the act of obtaining someone else's personal data, such as their mobile number, PAN, or Aadhaar, and using it for impersonation or financial fraud. Once your identity has been stolen, criminals can use it to commit crimes, open bank accounts, and apply for loans.

Real-world impact: Months later, victims frequently learn that SIM cards used for illicit purposes were activated using their Aadhaar.

How to stay safe:

• Lock your Aadhaar biometrics via UIDAI’s official website.

• Avoid sharing full documents on social media or WhatsApp.

• Use masked Aadhaar copies when submitting for KYC.

6. Ransomware Attacks on Businesses

Target keywords: ransomware India, cyber attack on company

Malicious software known as ransomware encrypts files on a network or device and requests a ransom to unlock them. Targeting a number of Indian businesses, medical facilities, and educational establishments in 2024 led to significant financial losses and data breaches.

Prevention:

• Regularly update your software and security patches.

• Back up critical data on external servers.

• Train employees on cybersecurity best practices.

7. Online Shopping and Payment Frauds

Target keywords: online shopping fraud India, UPI scam India

On sites like OLX, Amazon, or Flipkart, scammers fabricate seller accounts or shopping websites. Victims either receive phony goods or pay for goods that never arrive. UPI scams, in which QR codes are used to steal money rather than receive payments, are also frequent.

Tips to avoid these frauds:

• Use only verified and secure shopping platforms.

• Never scan random QR codes.

• Choose cash on delivery (COD) when unsure.

What You Can Do If You’re a Victim

The following actions should be taken if you suspect or encounter cyber fraud:

1. Immediately report the issue to the Cyber Crime Portal: https://cybercrime.gov.in

2. Contact your bank or service provider to block accounts or cards.

3. File an FIR at the nearest police station or cyber cell.

A Cyber Crime Helpline Number: 1930 has also been established by the Indian government and is operational in the majority of states.

Final Thoughts

Cybercrime is a social and financial threat that impacts millions of Indians every day; it is not just a tech problem. Everyone is a possible target, including housewives, seniors, business owners, and students. However, you can prevent yourself and your loved ones from becoming victims by being aware of the risks and practicing good digital hygiene.

Always think before you click, be informed, and remain vigilant.